1. Ruda (Ruda-Huta) - Centrum miejscowości

The history of Ore dates back to the first half of the 15th century.Since 1564. The small villages of Ruda Wyższa and Ruda Niższa, which make up the modern village, were part of the royal estate. In the 16th century. The village developed as a trade and craft center, but in the second half of the 17th century., due to wars, fires and epidemics, was destroyed and economically declined. In 1827. It was home to about 1,200 people, and had a Pounic parish church, an elementary school and a glass factory. In the second half of the 19th century., as a result of the sale of parcelled out property, many German settlers appeared throughout the municipality. Between the two World Wars, Ore was a small town with an ethnically and religiously diverse population. In addition to Jews and Catholics, Orthodox and Protestants also lived here.Jews in Ruda - Until 1939. - Jews probably began settling in Ruda in the 19th century. Two Jewish entrepreneurs established a glass factory here in 1893. employed more than 200 people.The small community had a rabbi, a shochet and a prayer chamber. There were Jewish craftsmen and stores, as well as aid institutions and social organizations. In the early 1920s. Part of the local Jewish community worked in the steel mill, while the rest made a living from trade and crafts. Between the wars, Zionism had numerous sympathizers in the village.Holocaust - After the outbreak of war, some Jews from Ruda fled to the Soviet Union, where many lived to see the end of the occupation. In September 1939., shortly after Sawin was occupied by the Germans, a Judenrat was established there, and its jurisdiction extended to the Jews in Ruda. In 1940. In nearby Ruda-Opalin the Germans established a labor camp for about 1,500 Jews, employed in water and drainage work.In 1939-1942 to Sawin and Ruda the Germans resettled about. 1,700 Jews from Krakow, which significantly worsened the living situation of locals. In May 1942. All the Jews from Sawin and Ruda were deported by the Germans to the Sobibor death camp.Judaika - There was most likely no synagogue in Ruda, only a prayer chamber or private beit ha-midrash in one of the houses. There may also have been a cemetery here, but its location and history are not known. .